*Photo: [Spaarnestad](https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/fotocollectie/detail?limitstart=14&q_searchfield=indonesie&language=nl&imageType=Foto)*

The photo above shows a building with graffiti on the walls. This photo shows that the spirit of independence of the Indonesian people can no longer be contained.

The graffiti in the photo above alludes to the constitution of August 18, 1945, or what we know better as the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) which was ratified in the PPKI session on August 18, 1945.

Many of the graffiti from the independence period were written in English. This is certainly a bit surprising because the language that is closer was Dutch. This was a strategy so that the voice of Indonesia's independence was heard by the international community through press coverage.