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Hackers are often depicted in popular culture as malevolent characters who unlawfully obtain access to computer systems and networks. In reality, a hacker is just someone who is well-versed in computer systems and networks. Some hackers (dubbed "black hats") actually exploit their abilities for illicit and immoral objectives. Others do it for the sake of the task. White hat hackers utilise their abilities to fix issues and improve security systems. These hackers put their expertise to work in catching criminals and repairing security flaws. Even if you have no intention of hacking, knowing how hackers work might help you avoid being a target. If you're ready to plunge in and learn the craft, this wikiHow will give you a few pointers. Learning the Hacking Skills Required Step 1 is an image named Hack. 1 Understand the concept of hacking. Hacking, in broad terms, refers to a multitude of methods used to breach or acquire access to a digital system. This may be a computer, a mobile phone, or a network as a whole. Hacking requires a wide range of specialised talents. Some are really technical. Others are more psychological in nature. There are several sorts of hackers that are motivated for a number of reasons. [1] Step 2 2 is an image named Hack Learn about the ethics of hacking. Regardless of how hackers are portrayed in popular media, hacking is neither good nor harmful. It may be used for either purpose. Hackers are just individuals who are talented in technology who like solving issues and breaking through barriers. You may use your hacking abilities to solve issues, or you can use them to cause difficulties and participate in unlawful activities. It is very unlawful to get access to computers that do not belong to you. If you chose to utilise your hacking talents for such objectives, keep in mind that there are other hackers out there who do the same (they are called white hat hackers). Some of them are paid a lot of money to go after dangerous hackers (black hat hackers). You will be arrested if you are caught. Step 3 3 is an image named Hack Learn how to utilise HTML and the internet. If you want to hack, you must first learn how to utilise the internet. Not only will you learn how to operate a web browser, but you will also learn how to employ sophisticated search engine strategies. You will also need to understand HTML in order to generate online content. Learning HTML can also teach you some solid mental habits that will aid you in your programming endeavours. [2] Step 4 4 is an image named Hack Learn how to code. Learning a programming language may take some time, so be patient. Instead of studying particular languages, concentrate on how to think like a programmer. Concentrate on common topics across all programming languages. C and C++ are the programming languages used to create Linux and Windows. It teaches something extremely crucial in hacking (together with assembly language): how memory works. Python and Ruby are high-level, sophisticated scripting languages for automating a variety of activities. PHP is worthwhile to learn since it is used by the vast majority of online applications. Perl is also a viable option in this sector. Bash scripting is required. That is how simple it is to exploit Unix/Linux systems. You can use Bash to construct scripts that will perform the majority of the work for you. Assembly language is essential. It is the fundamental language that your processor knows, and it has many versions. If you don't know assembly, you can't fully exploit a programme. Purchase and learn to utilise an open-source Unix-based system. Based on Unix, there is a large family of operating systems, including Linux. Unix is used by the great majority of web servers on the internet. If you want to hack the internet, you'll need to understand Unix. [3] Furthermore, open-source systems, such as Linux, enable you to access and edit the source code, allowing you to experiment with them. There are several Unix and Linux distributions. Ubuntu is the most widely used Linux distribution. You may either instal Linux as your main operating system or set up a Linux virtual computer. You can also run Windows and Ubuntu simultaneously. Part\s2\sHacking Step 6 is an image named Hack. 1 First, secure your computer. To hack, you must have a system to exercise your excellent hacking abilities. However, be certain that you have the necessary authority to assault your target. You have the option of attacking your network, requesting explicit authorization, or setting up your laboratory with virtual computers. Attacking a system without authorization, regardless of its content, is unlawful and will get you in hot water. Boot2root systems are particularly built for hacking. These systems may be downloaded from the internet and installed using virtual machine software. You may try your hand at hacking these systems. [4] Step 7 is an image named Hack. 2 Determine your objective. Enumeration is the process of acquiring information about your target. The objective is to create an active relationship with the target and identify weaknesses that might be exploited further. There are several tools and approaches available to aid with the enumeration process. NetBIOS, SNMP, NTP, LDAP, SMTP, DNS, and Windows and Linux systems may all be used for enumeration. You should collect the following information: [5] Usernames and group names. Hostnames. Services and network sharing Routing tables and IP tables. Service configurations and audit configurations. Banners and applications. Details about SNMP and DNS. Step 8 3 is an image named Hack. Put the target to the test. Can you connect to the remote system? While the ping software (which is included in most operating systems) may be used to check whether the target is active, the results are not always reliable since it depends on the ICMP protocol, which can be readily disabled by paranoid system administrators. You may also use tools to see what email server an email is using. Hacking tools may be found by exploring hacker forums. [6] Step 9 4 is an image named Hack. Perform a port scan. A network scanner may be used to do a port scan. This will display you the open ports on the computer, the operating system, and even what sort of firewall or router they are running, allowing you to plan your next steps. Step 10 5 is an image named Hack. Locate an open route or port in the system. Common ports such as FTP (21) and HTTP (80) are often highly secured and may only be susceptible to attacks that have yet to be identified. Other TCP and UDP ports that may have been overlooked, such as Telnet and numerous UDP ports left open for LAN gaming, should be tried. An open port 22 generally indicates the presence of an SSH (secure shell) service on the target, which may occasionally be brute-forced. Hack Step 11: Crack the password or authentication procedure. There are various ways to break a password. Among them are the following: The use of brute force: A brute force attack merely attempts to guess the password of the user. This is excellent for acquiring access to passwords that are readily guessable (i.e. password123). To guess a password, hackers often utilise systems that quickly guess various phrases from a dictionary. Prevent using basic phrases as your password to avoid a brute force assault. Make use of a mix of letters, numbers, and special characters. A hacker will contact a person and deceive them into handing over their password using this approach. For example, they may pretend to be from the IT department and inform the user that they need their password to resolve a problem. They might even go garbage diving for information or attempt to obtain entry to a protected area. That is why, no matter who they pretend to be, you should never disclose your password to anybody. Documents containing personal information should always be shred. Phishing: In this approach, a hacker sends a bogus email to a user that looks to be from someone or a firm the victim knows and trusts. An attachment to the email may include malware or a keylogger. It may also provide a link to a phoney company website (created by the hacker) that seems legitimate. The user is then prompted to provide personal information, which the hacker subsequently obtains. To prevent these frauds, do not open emails from someone you do not know. Always ensure that a website is safe (includes "HTTPS" in the URL). Instead than clicking links in emails, log in to company websites directly. ARP Spoofing: In this approach, a hacker uses a smartphone app to build a bogus Wi-Fi access point that anybody in a public place may connect to. Hackers might give it a name that seems to be from a local institution. People sign up for it believing they're connecting to public Wi-Fi. The programme then records all data passed over the internet by those who have signed up for it. If they sign in to an account using a username and password through an unencrypted connection, the app will save that information and provide the hacker access. Prevent utilising public Wi-Fi to avoid being a victim of this theft. If you must use public Wi-Fi, verify with the establishment's owner to ensure you are connecting to the right internet access point. Look for a padlock in the URL to ensure that your connection is secured. A VPN may also be used. Obtain super-user status. Most critical information is secured, and obtaining it requires a specific degree of verification. To see all files on a computer, you must have super-user privileges—a user account with the same rights as the "root" user in Linux and BSD operating systems. This is the "admin" account by default on routers (until altered); on Windows, this is the Administrator account. There are a few methods you might use to get super-user privileges: Overflow of Buffers: If you know a system's memory layout, you may give it input that the buffer cannot store. You may take control of the system by overwriting the code stored in memory with your code. [7] This will occur on Unix-like systems if the defective programme has the setUID bit set to store file permissions. The software will run as a separate user (super-user for example). Step 13 8 is an image named Hack. Make a backdoor. It's a good idea to make sure you can return to a computer after you've got complete control of it. To construct a backdoor, you must put malware on a critical system service, such as the SSH server. This allows you to circumvent the usual authentication mechanism. Your backdoor, however, may be deleted at the next system upgrade. An skilled hacker would backdoor the compiler itself, making every piece of created software a possible backdoor. Step 14 9 is an image named Hack. Hide your traces. Do not inform the administrator that the system has been hacked. Make no modifications to the webpage. Make no more files than you need. No new users should be created. Act as soon as possible. If you patched a server, such as SSHD, ensure sure your secret password is hard-coded. If someone attempts to get in using this password, the server should let them access but not include any critical information.